Improved apparatus por carbtjretting- air



DLFETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMEH. WASHINGTON. D C.

tread sin@ time one. I

ARTHUR BARBARIN, 0E NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, AND ANTOINE ERNEST DUPAs, or PARIS, FRANCE.

Leners Patat No. 96,074, zaad october 26,- 1869.

IMPRovnn APPARATUS Fon CARBURETTING am.

The Schedule'referred to in thune Letten Patent' and making part of the name .To all ivhom 'it may concern.-

Be it `known that we, ARTHUR BARBARIN, of the city of New Orleans, State of Louisiana, and ANTOINE ERNEST DUPAs, of the city of Paris, France, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements yin Machines for Garburetting Atmospheric Air; and '-we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, 'reference being had to the annexed drawing, making a part of this specification.

Our iuvention,'in generalterms, may be said to consist of an improved mechanical arrangement for feeding continuously the carburet-terwith air; of a'means for regulating the supply of air, and the pressure thereoi', accordingly as a greater or less number of burners is lighted; of a means for modifying'- the quality of the gas or carburetted air; and finally, of a means of maintaining the exact temperature in the. hydrocarbon employed to earburet the air, that will produce the best results under all conditions of latitude, as well as the vai-ying temperature of the external air, resulting from changes of season or weather in any given season of the year.

The objectsV accomplished are the securing of a continuous supply of air; a waste of all the air not required to be carburetted for the exigencies of the moment; an unvarying equilibrium of the water, or other suitable liquid packing employed in the apparatus in connection with the means for supplying the4 air; a uniform admixture of carbon with the air that is burned; a never-varying temperature of the hydro-` carbon; the combustion of all the carbon infused into the air; and, nally, an illumiuating-powerin the light or lights produced by the oombustion'of the carburetted air that has never been equalled,'except by the calcium or the electric-lights, commonly so called.

But our `invention will be better understood by referring to the drawing, on whichv A represents abox-recipient for the revolving wheel B, and a water or other suitableliquid packing, to be used in connection therewith, the said box, wheel, and

liquid packing constituting our means for continuously feeding the carbnretter with the atmospheric air tofbe used for illuminating-purposes after it has been 'enriched by a proper infusion of carbon.

The box A may be of any suitable form' or size, according to the exigencies of theoccasionor supply of air needed, and constructed of any proper material. The wheel B is composed in part ofthe scroll-formed partitions c, three in number, that terminate before reaching the axis ofthe wheel, so as to establish a cylindrical central open space, C, and are so placed as to leave the curved spaces between them entirely open everywhere, for the free passage of the air and water,

or other suitable liquid packing, which latter occupies the box up to the axis of, the said wheel,and in part of' a closed section or chamber, D, of somewhat larger diameter, that communicates with the part in which the scroll-partitions obtain by an opening that iscoincident with and of the same diameter as the open central space C in the latter.

This wheel B is mounted ou an axis that is composed of the solid sha-ft d, to which it is permanently secured, andthe pipe e, around which it revolves, by means of a journal-box, f, the shaft al being connected to the pipe e. by means of a socket or sleeve-joint at g, substantially as shown at .Figure 1, so that when the shaft (l is rotated, through the agency of the crank E, by means' of any motor that lnay'be connected therewith, the wheel, as a'whole, will reyolve with it.

Any proper opening, h, so arranged as to prevent any` accidental intrusion from rain, it' the machine be placed in the open air, in the upper part of the box A, provides for the admission of air into the box.

The eiect produced by the rotation of the wheel B, half ofthe same-being in water, and half in the air, is obviously' to force the air, which finds its way into the spacesbetweeu the partitions c, into the open space C, and from thence into the closed'section D, where the outlet for its escape is through pipe e but to prevent the extension of ahy considerable volume of water 'along with the air, we provide a vertical elbow, e', to

saidpipe, which rises very nearly to the interior snrface ofthe perimeter of said concentrating-chamber I), and is covered by'a cap, t', as shown on the drawing.

lAny desired measure 4of density and consequent pressure can always be secured by an adjustment of the diameter of pipe e to the capacity of the scroll-secrtion of the wheel for throwing airintot-he section D.

If a very high pressure is required, the diameter of -the whole wheel must be increased, but if, on the contrary, only a slight pressure or density of the air is necessary in anygiven case, and at the same time a large supply of air, the diameter of said wheel must be diminished, while the length of the scroll-section along its axis must be increased; but insomuchas withany given apparatus to supply carburetted air to more than one burner, there must alwaysbe more or less danger that the supply of air will be -too great, and further-I more, despite every possible provision to prevent theA same, there will always be a larger' orsmaller quantity of water thrown into pipe c, and carried out of the box A, it is clearly necessary, to the eilicient working of our apparatus, that there shall be some agency by which -any excess of air that is driven through said pipe shall be wasted before -it is carbnretted, and that all the watercarried out of said, box A shall be carriedv back therein in an automatic manner.

The mechanical invescapes in the operation of strumentality We have devised for the purpose consists of a circular receiver, F, which is placed in a'larger vessel, G, in such manner that an annular open space, j, is established around the former, and an interval equal to the distance between the walls of the two vessels be provided between the respective bottoms of the saine, as clearly shown at tig. 1.

A small pipe, K, connects the outer vessel G with box A, substantially as shown, and there being'an opening, l, in the bottm of F, it is clear that whatever the qnantum'of water carried out of the'iiox into F, there will always be the same level in said box, and

in G and A.

But there is also a discharge-orifice or pipe, m, in the vessel F, through which an excess of air thrown into the same will be forced linto the circumferential space j,

and thence find its way, by reason of its greater levity,

through the water therein contained into the open air at the top of said space, which is left open for the purpose.

The apertures l and lm. being very small, no suddeny expansion ofthe waterfrom nor re-entering ofthe same into the vessel F canltake place, nor any such violent agitationof the water occur'underany circumstances whatsoever, as will appreciably aiiect the regularity of the Ilow of the gas'from the same.

. The expulsion ofthe 'surplus air takes plac'e the moment the pressure of the super-incumbent air forces the water in the lower sectionsot the vessel F down to the vent fm, and this always takes place when the machine is properly proportioned in its several parts, before ,the density ofthe air becomes so great as to force the air through the burner or burners-with such rapidity as to prevent the complete combustion-ofthe carbon in the gas. This part of the organism therefore prevents inequality' of pressure at the point of ignition, whateverit-he number of lights burning, and at the same time pi'eserves the same level of Water yin the box A, however great the quantum that ,in the rapid operation of the `machine may be thrown out of the pinging on the upper surface ofthe water inL, forces the' saine into the gauge or indicator n, and thus, by means of the marks and iigures thereon, indicates the precise pressure to which it is subjected with unerring accuracy, and to some extent also aids to -regulatethe dow ofthe air.

.From the pipe H, a pipe, M, leads into the carbu- 'retter N entering the same near the top, and then descending, as shown-by dotted lines, until it reaches very nearly to thebottoni thereof; there being a per. forated diaphragm, O, att-ached to it at its lower end, beneath which the air passing through the said pipe 'the machine, asshownby the arrows. v The carburetter N is provided with chamber 1 and a recipient chamber, 2, for the hydrocarbon to make the gas, the latter being considerably smaller than the former, and enveloped by an annular chamber, 3, and' an open space, 4, at its bottom, inconsequence `of .its

small,'for ourinethod of feeding the carburetter with hydrocarbon is by pressure from the carburetted air,

which will find its way through the said pipe from the or tooliigh, the ldiic'ulty may be remedied by a move` ment of the sto'pacock, not shown on the drawing, ih pipe p. v

Through a pipe, s, which is alsoprovided ,with a stop-cock, although nonev is shown on the drawing, water is poured into the open space around the hydro-4 carbon-chamber 2 until it is nearly full. constitutes our means for maintaining auniform teniperature the'hydrocarbon at all seasons of the year, and under all conditions of the temperature of the surrounding air, for connected therewith, as shown, is a. tliernio-siplion, S, with a 'globe-section, 'S, in which, when the temperature is too low for the ecient operation of the apparatus, thewater is kept from being aected thereby, by the application of the heat of. a'

gas-jet flowing through .a small pipe, u, that is connected with the pipe U that leads fi'oni the carburetter to the burner or burners fed by the machine.

. In carburettin g atmospheric air, it is veryoften-found that the infusion of carbon is so great that it is impossible to effect its complete combustion, and that hence there is greatv waste of the same, and more or less smoke at the points of combustion.

We remedy this evil by connecting,withv the pipe M, a branch-pipe W, and leading the same into the gaschamber,` substantially as shown, so thatvwhen .the stop-cock i: is open, uncarburetted air will be thrown into the gas-chamber, where, mingling with that which has been carbnretted, it will reduce the richnessof the latter to any desired extent.

In some cases it: may be requisite to reduce the volnine of air' passing through pipe M intothe car- -buretter, byA means ofthe stop-cock y, when the' above operationis going on, as well as`when only a limited quantum of carbu'retted air is required for the occasion.

The whole apparatus may be fixed on" a portable platform, H', so as to be easily transportable, or it may be permanently iixed in position on, a table, shelf,-

floor, oi? anywhere else that convenience may dictate,

and be-used for illuminatinghouses, steamboats, railroad-cars, &c. n

Having thus described ourinveutiom What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

ll. The Arevolving feeding-wheel VB, when constructed vand mounted as described, iu combination with a boxrecipient, A, therefor, in which is employed a water or other suitable liquidipackingas specilied, when all the parts are arranged and 'operate substantiallyas described, for the purposes set forth.

2. The'receiver- F, when provided with two (2) apertures l and m, and surrounded by the outer vessel G,

and this latter is connected with the box A by a pipe,

7c, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination of the receiver F and its adjuiicts with the subject of our first claim, by means of a. pipe, e, and its elbow e', substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

' 4. 'l` he above combinations in combination with an indicator, L, provided with a gauge, n, substantially as and for the purpose described 5. The carburetter N, when the same is divided This water in tothe gas and hydrocarbon-chambers 1 and 2, and the latter is enveloped by the water-containing spaces 3 4, by means of an outer vessel, P, with a thermo- Siphon, S, in which there is a globe-section, S', when these parts are arranged, relatively to each other, as'

set forth, for the purpose specified.

(i. The above combination in combination with the subjects of our lst, second, third, and fourth claims,

and a pipe, M,lsubstantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

7. 'Ilie carburetter N, when provided with the adjuncts herein specified, in combination with a reservoir, R, when the hydrocarbon is automatically fed from the latter, by means of pressure from the gas that passes therein from the former` in the manner herein described.

' ARTHUR BARBARIN.

A. E.. DUPAS.

Witnesses z.

PAUL DUoA'rEL, A. DUGATEL. 

